Governors-General and Viceroys of British India - 06
Lord Canning (1858-1862)Main incidents during his Viceroyship are
1. Queen Victoria’s proclamation and India Act of 1858
2. White Mutiny
3. Indian Councils Act of 1861
4. Indian Penal Code in 1860
5. Suppressed Wahabis movement
Lord John Lawrence (1864 -69)
Main incidents during his Viceroyship are
1. Bhutan War ( 1865)
2. Establishment of High Courts at Calcutta, Bombay and Madras in 1865
Lord Mayo (1869-72)
1. Establishment of a statistical survey of India
2. Dept. of Agriculture and Commerce
3. State railways
4. He was assassinated in Andamans in 1872
Lord Lytton I (1876-80)
Main incidents during his Viceroyship are
1. Royal Titles Act of 1876
2. Assumption of the title of empress of India by Queen Victoria
3. Vernacular Press Act
4. Arms Act of 1878
5. Second Afghan War (1878-80)
6. Appointment of first famine commission in 1878
Lord Ripon (1880-84)
Main incidents during his Viceroyship are
1. First Factory Act and First census
2. Local Self Government in 1882
3. Division finances of the centre in 1882
4. Hunter commission on Education
5. Ilbert Bill Controversy
Lord Dufferin (1884-88)
Main incidents during his Viceroyship are
1. Burmese War (1885-86)
2. Foundation of Indian National Congress
Lord Landsdowne (1888-94)
Main incidents during his Viceroyship are
1. Factory Act of 1891
2. Division of Civil services into Imperial, Provincial and Subordinate
3. Indian councils Act of 1892
4. Appointment of Durand Commission and its definition of Durand line between India (Now Pakistan) and Afghanistan
Lord Elgin II
1. The assassination of British By Chapekar
Lord Curzon (1899-1905)
Main incidents during his Viceroyship are
1. Thomas Raleigh commission
2. Ancient Monuments Preservation Act of 1904
3. Establishment of Agriculture research Institute at Pusa in Bihar
4. Partition of Bengal in 1905
Lord Minto II (1905-10)
Main incidents during his Viceroyship are
1. Anti Partition and swadeshi movements
2. Surat session and Split in the congress
3. Minto Morley reforms
4. Foundation of Muslim League by Aga Khan Nawab of Dacca in 1906
Lord Hardinge II (1910-16)
Main incidents during his Viceroyship are
1. Annulment of partition of Bengal
2. Transfer imperial capital to Delhi
3. Death of G.K. Gokhale in 1915
4. Foundation of Hindu Mahasabha in 1915
Lord Chelmsford (1916 -21)
Main incidents during his Viceroyship are
1. Return of Ghandhji
2. Home Rule leagues
3. Lucknow Session and reunion of congress in 1916
4. Lucknow pact in 1916 by the efforts of B.G.Tilak
5. August Declaration of Montague
6. Formation of Indian Liberal Federation by S.N.Banerjee
7. Jallian Walla Bagh Massacre (13 April 1919)
8. Khilafat movement (1919-20)
9. Appointment of Sir S.P.Sinha as Lieutenant Governor of Bihar (First Indian)
Lord Reading (1921-26)
Main incidents during his Viceroyship are
1. Chauri-Chaura incident ( 5th Feb 1922)
2. Formation of Swaraj party by C.R.Das Motilal Nehru in Dec 1922
3. Foundation of Rashtriya Swayam Sevak Sangh (RSS) by K.B.Hedgewar (1925)
4. Repeal of Rowlatt Act
5. The holding of simultaneous examinations in India and England
6. Beginning of Indianisation of officer’s cadre of the Indian Army.
Lord Irwin (1926-31)
Main incidents during his Viceroyship are
1. Simon commission and its Boycott
2. Harcourt Butler Indian States commission (1927)
3. Nehru report and its rejection by Muslim League Hindu Mahasabha etc.
4. Deepavali declaration
5. Lahore session (1929)
6. Poornaswaraj declaration
7. Launching of the Civil Disobedience Movement and Dandi march
8. First Round Table Congress
9. Gandi Irwin Pact
Lord Willingdon (1931-36)
Main incidents during his Viceroyship are
1. Second and Third Round Table conferences
2. Communal award (1932) by Ramsay Mac Donald
3. Poona pact between Gandhi and Ambedkar(1932)
4. Govt. of India Act 1935
5. Foundation of Socialist Party by Acharya Narendra Dev and Jai Prakash Narayan (1934)
Lord Linlithgow (1936-43)
Main incidents during his Viceroyship are
1. Formation of congress ministries
2. Resignation of Subash Chandra Bose from the Presidentship of congress
3. Formation of Forward Block
4. August offer by Linlithgow and its rejection by congress
5. Deliverance day by Muslim League (1939)
6. Cripps Mission
7. Quit India movement
Lord Wavell (1943-47)
Main incidents during his Viceroyship are
1. C.R Formula by C.Rajagopalchari
2. Wavell Plan and Simla Conference
3. INA Trials
4. Naval Mutiny (1946)
5. Cabinet Mission ( Lawrence, Cripps and Alexander)
6. Formation of Interim Government and Launching of Direct Action Day
Lord Mountbatten (1947): He was the last viceroy of India.
1. Partition of India and Independence
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